Y. S. Sivan ¹, Y. Alwin Jayakumar ¹, C. Arumughan ¹, A. Sundaresan ¹, A. Jayalekshmi ¹, K. P. Suja ¹, D. R. Soban Kumar ¹, S. S. Deepa ¹, Malathi Damodaran ², C. S. Soman ³, V. Raman Kutty ³, P. Sankara Sarma ⁴

Affiliations
1 Regional Research Laboratory (Council for Scientific and Industrial Research), Trivandrum-695 019, IN
2 Sri Sathya Sai Trust Hospital, Trivandrum - 695 013, IN
3 Health Action by People, Pettah, Trivandrum - 695 024, IN
4 Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies (Sri Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology), Trivandrum - 695 011, IN

Abstract

Socioeconomic status (SES) plays a vital role in the overall nutritional status and growth performance of people, particularly during childhood and adolescence, the periods that influence the entire life cycle. Socioeconomic environment (including nutritional and health inputs) is the ultimate determinant of growth and development of human organism; opportunities available for acquisition of skills, social placement in life and the quality of life enjoyed as an individual or community member.

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K. A. George ¹, R. Sreedevi ¹, N. Suresh Kumar ¹, P. Sankara Sarma ²

Affiliations
1 Nutrition Research Centre, Red Cross Road, Kunnukuzhy P.O., Trivandrum, 37, Kerela, IN
2 Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies, SCTIMST, Trivandrum -11, IN

Abstract

Birth weight is considered to be one of the important and reliable parameters in the evaluation of foetal and neonatal well being. Birth weight below 2.5 kg has been found to be very closely associated with poor growth, not just in infancy but throughout childhood, Low birth weight is associated with the development of coronary heart disease, stroke and diabetes in adult life and malnutrition in early life may affect the developing brain.

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Y. Alwin Jayakumar ¹, Y. S. Sivan ¹, C. Arumughan ¹, A. Sundaresan ¹, A. Jayalekshmi ¹, D. R. Soban Kumar ¹, K. P. Suja ¹, S. S. Deepa ¹, Malathi Damodaran ², C. R. Soman ¹, V. Raman Kutty ³, P. Sankara Sarma ⁴

Affiliations
1 Regional Research Laboratory [Council for Scientific and Industrial Research], Thiruvananthapuram - 695019, IN
2 Sri Sathya Sai Trust Hospital, Trivandrum - 695 013, IN
3 Health Action by People, Pettah, Trivandrum - 695 024, IN
4 Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies [Sri Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology], Trivandrum-695 011, IN

Abstract

Acceptability of red palm oil-incorporated food supplements among preschool children have been established through field trials in India and elsewhere. The importance of RPO supplementation among preschool children acquired much significance due to its richness in β-carotene, a precursor of vitamin A. Supplementation of β-carotene through RPO for enhancing vitamin A status and preventing vitamin A deficiency, apart from re-establishing the oil's acceptability has been reported.

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Y. Alwin Jayakumar ¹, Y. S. Sivan ¹, C. Arumughan ¹, A. Sundaresan ¹, C. Balachandran ¹, Joseph Job ¹, S. S. Deepa ¹, S. L. Shahina ¹, Malathi Damodaran ², C. R. Soman ³, V. Raman Kutty ⁴, P. Sankara Sarma ⁵

Affiliations
1 Regional Research Laboratory Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Trivandrum 695 019, IN
2 Sri Sathya Sai Trust Hospital, Trivandrum 695 013, IN
3 Regional Research Laboratory Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, Trivandrum 695 019, IN
4 Health Action by People, Pettah, Trivandrum 695 024, IN
5 Achutha Menon Centre for Health Science Studies (Sri Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology), Trivandrum 695 011, IN

Abstract

Vitamin A deficiency is a major nutritional deficiency in third world countries such as Malawi, Sudan, Tanzania, Zambia, Indonesia, India and Nepal. It is prevalent in many Indian States such as Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Bihar and West Bengal. It is the result of insufficient - quantitative and/or qualitative - intake of food and therefore, is an example for social and economic deprivation affecting health. The most dangerous health consequence of vitamin A deficiency is blindness: deficiency affects the corneal epithelium leading ultimately to keratomalacia and opacities. But long before such manifestation become obvious, there are warning signs such as dryness of the conjunctiva (xerosis), Bitot's spots, etc.

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